I. A subpopulation of human urothelial cells is stimulated to proliferate by treatment in vitro with lipoteichoic acid, a cell wall component ofStreptococcus faecalis

1996 ◽  
Vol 169 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ada Elgavish ◽  
Keith Lloyd ◽  
Rebecca Reed
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Lipoteichoic Acid ◽  
Urothelial Cells ◽  
Cell Wall Component ◽  
A Cell

Effect of Lipoteichoic Acid on Proliferation and Differentiation of Keratinocytes

1989 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 646-650
Author(s):  
Takeshi Yabe ◽  
Cheng-Chun Huang
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Terminal Differentiation ◽  
Lipoteichoic Acid ◽  
Cell Wall Component ◽  
Transglutaminase Activity ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Cell Envelopes

Bacterial infection is always found to be associated with cholesteatoma. Accumulation of keratin debris is one of the crucial factors for the growth of cholesteatoma. The effects of lipoteichoic acid, a cell wall component of gram-positive bacteria, on the proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes were studied. Various concentrations of lipoteichoic acid (0 to 100 μg/ml) were added to keratinocytes. DNA synthesis and protein synthesis were inhibited by decreasing the incorporation of 3H-thymldine and 3H-leucine into keratinocytes. The effects of lipoteichoic acid on terminal differentiation were then studied by measuring the number of sodium dodecyi sulfate-Insoluble cornlfied cell envelopes and the transglutaminase activity (a marker of terminal differentiation) determined by incorporation of 3H-putrescine into cornifled envelopes. These studies showed that lipoteichoic acid stimulated the formation of cornifled cell envelopes and transglutaminase activity. These findings suggest that lipoteichoic acid stimulated the terminal differentiation and accumulation of keratin debris and that lipoteichoic acid might have stimulatory effects on the development of cholesteatoma.

scholarly journals Mannose-Binding Lectin: A Potential Therapeutic Candidate against Candida Infection

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noha M. Hammad ◽  
Nissreen E. El Badawy ◽  
Hamed A. Ghramh ◽  
Laila M. Al Kady
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Mannose Binding Lectin ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Cell Wall Component ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Mannose Binding ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Binding Lectin ◽  
Different Doses

Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) is one of the key players in the innate immune system. It has the ability to identify a broad range of pathogens based on recognition of carbohydrate repeats displayed on microbial surfaces. Since mannans make about 40% of the total polysaccharide content of cell wall of Candida species (spp.) and MBL is capable of high-affinity binding to the mannan fraction of their cell wall component, this study has investigated the direct influence of MBL on Candida in vitro. Candida (C.) albicans and C. glabrata were in vitro exposed to different doses of recombinant human MBL for various time points to assess MBL influence on the production of hyphae and on the yeast forms. Moreover, the direct effect of MBL on the growth of C. albicans was measured by a cell proliferation assay. MBL induced agglutination of yeast forms as well as hyphal forms of Candida spp. and significantly reduced proliferation of C. albicans in vitro. MBL can be used as a potential antifungal candidate against Candida infection.

scholarly journals L-form bacteria, cell walls and the origins of life

Open Biology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 120143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff Errington
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Envelope ◽  
Evolutionary Development ◽  
Last Common Ancestor ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Evolutionary Radiations ◽  
Key Steps ◽  
Bacterial Domain

The peptidoglycan wall is a defining feature of bacterial cells and was probably already present in their last common ancestor. L-forms are bacterial variants that lack a cell wall and divide by a variety of processes involving membrane blebbing, tubulation, vesiculation and fission. Their unusual mode of proliferation provides a model for primitive cells and is reminiscent of recently developed in vitro vesicle reproduction processes. Invention of the cell wall may have underpinned the explosion of bacterial life on the Earth. Later innovations in cell envelope structure, particularly the emergence of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, possibly in an early endospore former, seem to have spurned further major evolutionary radiations. Comparative studies of bacterial cell envelope structure may help to resolve the early key steps in evolutionary development of the bacterial domain of life.

scholarly journals Isolation and Purification of Lipoarabinomannan from Urine of Adults with Active Tuberculosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason L. Cantera ◽  
Andrew A. Rashid ◽  
Lorraine L. Lillis ◽  
Roger B. Peck ◽  
Paul K. Drain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Active Tuberculosis ◽  
Cell Wall Component ◽  
Isolation And Purification ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Urine Specimens

AbstractLipoarabinomannan (LAM) is a cell wall component of Mycobacterium tuberculosis that is excreted in the urine of persons with active tuberculosis (TB). Limited diagnostic sensitivity of LAM immunoassays has been due to selecting antibodies against LAM derived from in vitro cultured M. tuberculosis, rather than LAM purified from in vivo clinical urine specimens. Urinary LAM (uLAM) is critical to enable the development of and/or screening of novel uLAM-specific antibodies but is typically dilute and in heterogeneous mixtures with other urine components. We used physical, enzymatic, and chemical processes for the scaled isolation and purification of uLAM. The purified material may then be used to develop more sensitive uLAM diagnostic tests for active TB disease.

ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of a Cell Wall Component of Haemophilus (Actinobacillus) pleuropneumoniae Type 2.

ChemInform ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. VEENEMAN ◽  
H. F. BRUGGHE ◽  
P. HOOGERHOUT ◽  
G. A. VAN DER MAREL ◽  
J. H. VAN BOOM
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Actinobacillus Pleuropneumoniae ◽  
Cell Wall Component ◽  
A Cell

scholarly journals L-Ficolin Specifically Binds to Lipoteichoic Acid, a Cell Wall Constituent of Gram-Positive Bacteria, and Activates the Lectin Pathway of Complement

2004 ◽  
Vol 172 (2) ◽  
pp. 1198-1202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas J. Lynch ◽  
Silke Roscher ◽  
Thomas Hartung ◽  
Siegfried Morath ◽  
Misao Matsushita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Lipoteichoic Acid ◽  
Lectin Pathway ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Cell Wall Constituent ◽  
A Cell

Synthesis of a cell wall component of haemophilus (actinobacillus) pleuropneumoniae type 2

2010 ◽  
Vol 107 (10) ◽  
pp. 610-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. Veeneman ◽  
H. F. Brugghe ◽  
P. Hoogerhout ◽  
G. A. van der Marel ◽  
J. H. van Boom
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Actinobacillus Pleuropneumoniae ◽  
Cell Wall Component ◽  
A Cell

THE EFFECT OF PENICILLIN ON THE STRUCTURE OF STAPHYLOCOCCAL CELL WALLS

1959 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 641-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. E. Murray ◽  
W. H. Francombe ◽  
B. H. Mayall
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Cell Wall Material ◽  
Cell Wall Synthesis ◽  
Cell Wall Component ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Resistant Strains

Cultures of sensitive stains of Staphylococcus aureus were fixed with osmium tetroxide after 1–5 hours' exposure to various does of pencillin and were embedded in methacrylate for sectioning and electron microscopy. They were compared with untreated, control cultures. The contrast of the cell wall material was untreated, control cultures. The contrast of the cell wall material was increased, by cutting the section of lanthanum nitrate.The cells increased in size and the surrounding cell wall was thinner than normal. The main lesions appeared in the developing cell wall septa, which showed a loss in density and gross irregularity of shape. Some questionable inclusions were seen in the cytoplasm. Lysis was prevented in a medium containing 0.3 M sucrose and the stable spheroplasts retained a recognizable cell wall after 24 hours' exposure to penicillin. However, the septa could not be demonstrated in the cells treated in sucrose medium.Two resistant strains were exposed to penicillin. In one, the cells showed no morphological effects; in the other, there was temporary damage to the cell septa with complete recovery.The observations support the hypothesis that penicillin interferes with the synthesis of a cell wall component and indicate that the main point of cell wall synthesis is at the site of septum formation.

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